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ishihara colorblind test

The test use random 20 plates from ishihara plates.

The Ishihara test is a color The test consists of a number of Ishihara plates, each of which depicts a solid circle of colored dots appearing randomized in color and size. Within the pattern are dots which form a number or shape clearly visible to those with normal color vision, and invisible, or difficult to see, to those with a red-green color vision defect. test for red-green color deficiencies.

The Ishihara test is a color perception test for red-green color deficiencies.Before you buy color blind glasses.you should check if you have the issue.

 

WHAT CAUSED COLOR BLIND?

The eye can recognize colors because there are cells called cone cells in the retina.

The average person has three types of cone cells, which can sense light of different wavelengths (including blue, green, and red, which are the three primary colors of light).

When light enters our eyes, these cone cells will produce different excitement according to the wavelength of the light, and then transmit the signal to our brain, allowing us to acquire the ability to recognize colors.

Therefore, the cause of color weakness/color blindness is that the function of one/several types of cone cells is affected, which makes the patient’s perception of color worse than ordinary people.

Because we have three types of cone cells, there are also grades for color weakness/color blindness:

أحادية اللون:Monochromatic perception, that is, complete color blindness, loss of two or three cone cell functions
ثنائية اللون: Two-color perception, that is, loss of red/green/blue cone cell function
Trichromacy: Trichromacy has the functions of three cone cells, but the light-sensitive spectrum of one of them has shifted, resulting in deviation of color perception

عن 99% of all color blind people are red green color blind. over 8% of men and 0.5% of men have from it.

4 TYPES OF RED GREEN COLOR BLIND

عمى ثنائي

Deuteranopia هو أخطر أشكال عمى الألوان الأحمر والأخضر.

لا يستطيع إدراك اللون الأخضر. لا يستطيع المريض التمييز بين اللون الأخضر الفاتح والأحمر الداكن، والأرجواني والسماوي، والأرجواني والرمادي، ويتعامل مع اللون الأخضر على أنه رمادي أو أسود داكن.

In an art training class, a kid who painted very well always painted the sun green and tree crowns and grass brown. It turned out that he was a green blind patient. Clinically, red blindness and green blindness are collectively referred to as red-green blindness, and patients are more common. The color blindness we usually refer to generally refers to red-green color blindness.

شذوذ ثانوي

Deuteranomaly أخضر ضعيف. الأحمر والأخضر أكثر شيوعًا. They have poor sensitivity to red and green. When the lighting is poor, their color discrimination ability is close to red-green blindness; but when the material color is deep, bright and the illumination is good, its color discrimination ability is close normal.

بروتانوبيا

Protanopia is also known as the No 1 color blindness. The patient mainly لا يستطيع تمييز اللون الأحمرولا يستطيع التمييز بين اللون الأحمر والأخضر الداكن والأحمر الأرجواني والأرجواني. غالبًا ما يُنظر إلى اللون الأخضر على أنه أصفر، ويُنظر إلى اللون الأرجواني على أنه أزرق، ويتم خلط الأصفر والأزرق مع اللون الأبيض. كان هناك رجل في منتصف العمر ذو موقف ناضج وجاد، اشترى سترة صوفية حمراء وسخر منها بعد ارتدائها.

It turned out that he was a protanopia patient who mistakenly made red for gray. There were reports in the early years that a protagonist who had become a train driver misread the signal and caused the train to collide.

الشذوذ

الشذوذ ضعف أحمر، يبدو اللون الأحمر أكثر خضرة وأقل سطوعًا.

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HOW MANY GENERATIONS WILL  BE INHERITED?

How is color blindness inherited

According to Mendelian law of inheritance, since the color blindness gene is a recessive gene, and the normal color width is a dominant gene, women with normal color vision may also have recessive colour blindness genes. If the parents have normal color vision genes, the offspring will not have color blindness; but if the parents have normal color vision and the mother has a recessive color blindness gene, the offspring may have normal color vision or colour blindness.

Because the male sex chromosome is XY, there is only one X chromosome, so only one color blindness gene is required to perform excellent blindness; while the female sex chromosome is XX, so the pair of alleles that control color blindness must be recessive at the same time Only those who perform well are blind, so there are far more men than women in color blindness.

There is a  rule for the inheritance of color blindness

1. Normal males and female carriers: If a normal male marries a female carrier, his daughter has a 1/2 probability of being a normal carrier and a 1/2 probability of being a carrier; a son has a 1/2 probability of being normal. 1/2 probability is color blindness.

2. Normal males and female colorblindness: If a female colorblind marries a normal man, the son must be colorblind; the daughter must be a carrier.

3. Male color blindness, female normal: If a male colorblind marries a normal woman (non-carrier), the son must be normal; the daughter must be a carrier (although it is normal, her son may be colorblind).

4. Male colorblindness, female colorblindness: male colorblindness and female colorblindness marriage, whether it is a child or a female, tragedy will happen, definitely color blindness.

5. Male colorblindness and female carriers: If a male colorblind person marries a female carrier, the son has a 1/2 probability of being normal; a 1/2 probability of being colorblind; a daughter has a 1/2 probability of being colorblind; The possibility of being a carrier; if the boy is normal; there will be no patient in his children. Although the color vision is normal, but as a carrier, her son may be color blind.

Color weakness and colour blindness are just the same genetic law, and the symptoms are different.

Color weakness can distinguish single color and cannot distinguish three or more color weakness and multicolor points.

Therefore, color weakness is divided into red, yellow, blue, green weakness, and full colour weakness.

Colour blindness is also difficult to distinguish between monochromatic colors. It is also divided into red, yellow, blue, deuteranopia and total color blindness.

In total color blindness, the world is gray, and it is afraid of light to distinguish colors by brightness.

HOW DO ISHIHARA COLOR BLIND TEST WORKS

Ishihara’s color blindness detection chart is a method to detect color vision disorders, named after its inventor, Shinobu Ishihara, a professor at the University of Tokyo, Japan.

Ishihara’s earliest test map was published in 1917. At present, it has been recognized as the only color blind detection method by the International Organization for Standardization ISO.

One of Ishihara’s color blindness test. People with normal color vision can clearly see the number “74”. People with two-color color blindness or three-color vision abnormalities may see “21”, and people with total color blindness can’t see anything. number.

This test chart consists of a series of colored plate, called “Ishihara plate”, and each disc is filled with dots of various colors and sizes.

Some of the dots form one or several numbers in colors that are difficult for color-blind people to distinguish. People with normal color vision can easily distinguish these numbers, while those with color blindness cannot or are difficult to distinguish.

The full set of Ishihara’s inspection chart includes 38 color plates. Usually, only the first few color plates can be used to detect the color vision impairment.

After all the first 24 color plates are tested, the degree of color vision defects can be diagnosed more accurately.

Color blindness brings a lot of inconvenience to your work and life. The online color blindness test can help you test and evaluate whether you have color blindness and color weakness. If formal identification is required, please consult and see a doctor at the local ophthalmology department offline.